Best Roof Shingles for Wind

Choosing the right roofing shingles is a crucial decision for any homeowner. While aesthetics and cost are important considerations, the ability of your roof to withstand strong winds is paramount, especially if you live in an area prone to severe weather. Wind damage can lead to costly repairs, leaks, and even complete roof failure. This article will explore the best roof shingles for wind resistance, providing you with the information you need to make an informed decision and protect your home.

Understanding Wind Resistance Ratings

Before diving into specific shingle types, it’s essential to understand how wind resistance is measured and rated. The roofing industry utilizes several testing standards, primarily those developed by ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials). These standards assess a shingle’s ability to withstand specific wind speeds without lifting, tearing, or otherwise failing.

ASTM D7158: Standard Test Method for Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles

This is the primary standard used to evaluate the wind resistance of asphalt shingles. ASTM D7158 classifies shingles into different performance categories based on their ability to withstand specified wind speeds. The categories range from Class D to Class H, with Class H offering the highest level of wind resistance.

• Class D: Resists wind speeds up to 90 mph.
• Class G: Resists wind speeds up to 120 mph.
• Class H: Resists wind speeds up to 150 mph.

It’s important to note that these wind speeds are sustained winds, not gusts. Gusts can exert even greater force on a roof, so choosing a shingle with a higher rating provides an extra margin of safety. Always check the manufacturer’s specifications for the specific wind resistance rating of the shingles you are considering.

ASTM D3161: Standard Test Method for Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Discontinued but Still Relevant)

While ASTM D3161 is no longer the primary test method, you may still encounter references to it, especially when researching older roofing materials or specifications. This test involved subjecting shingles to a simulated wind environment for a specific duration. Shingles that passed were typically classified as either Class A, Class D, or Class F, indicating their level of wind resistance. The correlation between these classes and the current ASTM D7158 classes isn’t always direct, but generally, Class F was considered to offer the highest level of protection under that standard.

Though discontinued, understanding this historical standard can provide valuable context when evaluating older roofing systems or comparing shingles tested under different methodologies.

Factors Affecting Shingle Wind Resistance

The wind resistance of a shingle is not solely determined by its inherent material properties. Several other factors contribute to its ability to withstand high winds, including:

Shingle Installation

Proper installation is arguably the most critical factor influencing a roof’s wind resistance. Even the highest-rated shingles will fail if they are not installed correctly. This includes using the correct number of nails, placing them in the designated locations on the shingle, and ensuring proper sealing. It’s crucial to hire a qualified and experienced roofing contractor who is familiar with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and local building codes.

Specifically, ensure the contractor uses the proper nailing pattern. Most manufacturers require a specific number of nails per shingle (typically 4-6) and precise placement to ensure proper adhesion. Overdriving or underdriving nails can compromise the shingle’s ability to resist wind uplift. Also, make sure the contractor uses the correct type of nails, as specified by the shingle manufacturer. Galvanized or stainless steel nails are generally recommended to prevent corrosion.

Roof Deck Condition

The condition of the roof deck, the wooden surface to which the shingles are attached, is another vital consideration. A damaged or deteriorated roof deck will not provide a secure base for the shingles, increasing the risk of wind damage. Before installing new shingles, it’s essential to inspect the roof deck for signs of rot, water damage, or loose boards. Any necessary repairs or replacements should be completed before the new shingles are installed.

Sagging or uneven roof decks can create stress points that make shingles more susceptible to wind damage. Ensure the roof deck is properly secured to the rafters or trusses to provide a solid foundation. If the existing roof deck is in poor condition, consider replacing it entirely to ensure optimal wind resistance.

Sealing and Adhesion

Many modern shingles feature a sealant strip on the underside that bonds the shingles together, creating a stronger, more wind-resistant surface. This sealant is typically heat-activated by the sun’s warmth. In colder climates or shaded areas, it may take longer for the sealant to fully activate. Some manufacturers offer shingles with enhanced sealant formulas that provide faster and stronger adhesion.

The effectiveness of the sealant also depends on the cleanliness of the shingle surface. Dirt, dust, or debris can interfere with the bonding process. Make sure the roof surface is clean and dry before shingle installation. In some cases, a primer may be recommended to promote adhesion.

Roof Slope and Orientation

The slope and orientation of your roof can also affect its wind resistance. Steeper roofs generally experience less wind uplift than shallower roofs. Similarly, roofs that are directly exposed to prevailing winds may be more vulnerable to wind damage.

Consider the prevailing wind direction in your area when choosing shingles. If your roof is highly exposed to wind, opt for shingles with a higher wind resistance rating and ensure proper installation techniques are used. Adding windbreaks, such as trees or shrubs, can also help to reduce wind exposure.

Types of Shingles Known for Wind Resistance

Several types of shingles are known for their excellent wind resistance. These include:

Architectural Shingles (Also Known as Dimensional or Laminated Shingles)

Architectural shingles are a popular choice for homeowners seeking both durability and aesthetic appeal. These shingles are thicker and heavier than traditional 3-tab shingles, providing superior wind resistance. They are constructed with multiple layers of asphalt, creating a dimensional appearance that mimics the look of wood shakes or slate. Many architectural shingles are rated to withstand winds up to 130 mph or higher.

The layered construction of architectural shingles provides added strength and resistance to wind uplift. The increased thickness also helps to protect against hail damage and other forms of weathering. While architectural shingles are generally more expensive than 3-tab shingles, their enhanced durability and wind resistance make them a worthwhile investment, especially in areas prone to severe weather.

Designer Shingles

Designer shingles are premium roofing products that offer exceptional aesthetic appeal and performance. These shingles are often designed to replicate the look of high-end roofing materials, such as slate, tile, or cedar shakes. They are typically made from high-quality asphalt and reinforced with fiberglass mats for added strength and durability. Many designer shingles boast impressive wind resistance ratings, often exceeding 130 mph.

Designer shingles are available in a wide range of styles, colors, and textures, allowing homeowners to create a unique and visually stunning roof. While they are the most expensive type of asphalt shingle, their superior performance and aesthetic appeal make them a popular choice for discerning homeowners who want the best of both worlds.

Metal Roofing

While technically not shingles, metal roofing offers exceptional wind resistance. Metal roofs are typically made from steel, aluminum, or copper and are available in a variety of styles, including standing seam, metal shingles, and metal tiles. Metal roofs are known for their longevity, durability, and resistance to wind, fire, and impact damage. Many metal roofing systems can withstand winds of up to 140 mph or higher.

Metal roofing is a durable and long-lasting option that can significantly increase your home’s protection against the elements. While the initial cost of metal roofing can be higher than asphalt shingles, its long lifespan and low maintenance requirements can make it a cost-effective choice in the long run. Metal roofs are also energy-efficient, reflecting sunlight and reducing cooling costs.

Impact-Resistant Shingles

Impact-resistant shingles are specifically designed to withstand hail and other forms of impact damage. These shingles are typically made from modified asphalt and reinforced with polymers to enhance their strength and flexibility. While their primary focus is impact resistance, many impact-resistant shingles also offer excellent wind resistance, often meeting Class H standards for wind resistance up to 150 mph.

Impact-resistant shingles are a great choice for homeowners in areas prone to hail storms or high winds. They can help to prevent costly roof repairs and extend the lifespan of your roof. Some insurance companies offer discounts for homes with impact-resistant roofing, which can help to offset the higher initial cost.

Specific Shingle Brands and Models Known for Wind Resistance

Several shingle manufacturers offer products specifically designed for high-wind performance. Here are a few examples:

GAF Timberline HDZ Shingles

GAF Timberline HDZ shingles are America’s #1 selling shingle and are known for their durability and wind resistance. They feature GAF’s LayerLock Technology, which mechanically fuses the common bond between overlapping shingle layers, creating a stronger and more durable shingle. Timberline HDZ shingles are rated to withstand winds up to 130 mph with proper installation and the use of GAF’s special sealant.

Timberline HDZ shingles also feature StainGuard Plus Algae Protection, which helps to prevent unsightly algae growth. They are available in a wide range of colors and styles, making them a popular choice for homeowners seeking both performance and aesthetic appeal. GAF also offers a comprehensive warranty program that provides added peace of mind.

Owens Corning Duration Shingles

Owens Corning Duration shingles are another popular choice for homeowners seeking high-wind performance. They feature SureNail Technology, a wide nailing area that provides exceptional grip and holding power. Duration shingles are rated to withstand winds up to 130 mph with proper installation and the use of Owens Corning’s WeatherLock sealant.

Owens Corning Duration shingles are also known for their vibrant colors and dimensional appearance. They are available in a wide range of styles and colors, including the popular Oakridge and Berkshire collections. Owens Corning also offers a comprehensive warranty program that covers both materials and labor.

CertainTeed Landmark Shingles

CertainTeed Landmark shingles are a popular choice for homeowners seeking a balance of affordability and performance. They are a dual-layered laminate shingle that provides excellent wind resistance and durability. Landmark shingles are rated to withstand winds up to 110 mph, or 130 mph with enhanced installation methods and CertainTeed’s WinterGuard waterproofing underlayment.

CertainTeed Landmark shingles are available in a wide range of colors and styles, including the popular Landmark Pro and Landmark Premium collections. They are also backed by CertainTeed’s comprehensive warranty program, which provides added peace of mind. While not as wind-resistant as some of the other options, they provide a good balance of cost and performance.

Atlas Pinnacle Pristine Shingles

Atlas Pinnacle Pristine shingles are known for their Scotchgard Protector, which helps prevent black streaks caused by algae. They also offer a Class 4 impact resistance rating and are designed to withstand winds up to 130 mph. Their HP42″ format makes for faster installation.

Atlas Pinnacle Pristine shingles are a good choice for homeowners looking for a durable and long-lasting shingle that can withstand harsh weather conditions. The Scotchgard Protector is a particularly appealing feature for homeowners in areas prone to algae growth.

Tips for Ensuring Maximum Wind Resistance

In addition to choosing the right shingles, there are several other steps you can take to ensure maximum wind resistance for your roof:

Hire a Qualified Roofing Contractor

As mentioned earlier, proper installation is crucial for maximizing wind resistance. Choose a roofing contractor with a proven track record of quality workmanship and experience installing the specific type of shingles you have chosen. Check their licensing, insurance, and references before hiring them. A reputable contractor will be familiar with local building codes and manufacturer’s installation guidelines.

Don’t be afraid to ask potential contractors about their experience with high-wind installations. Ask for examples of their previous work and check online reviews to get a sense of their reputation. A skilled contractor will be able to identify potential problem areas on your roof and recommend solutions to improve its wind resistance.

Use Proper Nailing Techniques

Ensure that the contractor uses the correct nailing pattern, nail type, and nail depth as specified by the shingle manufacturer. Overdriving or underdriving nails can compromise the shingle’s ability to resist wind uplift. Insist on using galvanized or stainless steel nails to prevent corrosion.

Regularly inspect the roof after installation to ensure that the nails are properly installed. If you notice any loose or missing nails, contact your roofing contractor immediately to have them repaired.

Seal All Roof Penetrations

Seal all roof penetrations, such as vents, chimneys, and skylights, with a high-quality sealant to prevent water intrusion and wind damage. These areas are often vulnerable to leaks and can be a weak point in your roof’s defense against the elements.

Regularly inspect the sealant around roof penetrations and reapply as needed. Cracked or deteriorated sealant can allow water and wind to penetrate your roof, leading to costly damage.

Maintain Your Gutters

Keep your gutters clean and free of debris to prevent water from backing up under the shingles and causing damage. Clogged gutters can also add weight to the roof, increasing the risk of collapse under heavy snow or ice.

Clean your gutters at least twice a year, or more often if you live in an area with heavy tree cover. Consider installing gutter guards to prevent debris from accumulating in the gutters.

Trim Overhanging Trees

Trim overhanging trees to prevent branches from falling on your roof and causing damage during high winds. Falling branches can dislodge shingles, damage roof penetrations, and even puncture the roof deck.

Regularly inspect trees near your roof for signs of disease or damage. Remove any dead or dying branches to prevent them from falling on your roof.

Consider a Wind Mitigation Inspection

In some areas, you can hire a certified inspector to perform a wind mitigation inspection. This inspection assesses the various features of your home that contribute to its wind resistance, such as the roof covering, roof deck attachment, roof-to-wall connection, and opening protection (e.g., hurricane shutters). The inspector will provide a report outlining any areas that need improvement, which can help you to reduce your insurance premiums.

Even if you don’t live in an area where wind mitigation inspections are common, it can still be a valuable exercise to have your roof inspected by a qualified professional. They can identify potential weaknesses and recommend steps to improve its wind resistance.

Conclusion

Choosing the best roof shingles for wind resistance is a critical decision that can protect your home from costly damage. By understanding wind resistance ratings, considering the factors that affect shingle performance, and selecting the right type of shingle, you can ensure that your roof is well-equipped to withstand strong winds. Remember to prioritize proper installation, maintain your roof regularly, and consider taking additional steps to enhance its wind resistance. Investing in a durable and wind-resistant roof is an investment in the safety and security of your home.