Commercial Asphalt Roof: A Comprehensive Guide for Business Owners
Introduction to Commercial Asphalt Roofing
Asphalt roofing is a popular choice for commercial buildings due to its affordability, durability, and versatility. This guide provides a detailed overview of commercial asphalt roofing, covering different types, benefits, installation, maintenance, and considerations for business owners. Whether you’re planning a new construction project, replacing an existing roof, or simply seeking information, this resource will equip you with the knowledge you need to make informed decisions.
Types of Commercial Asphalt Roofing
Commercial asphalt roofing is available in several different types, each offering unique characteristics and performance capabilities. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for selecting the optimal roofing solution for your building.
Built-Up Roofing (BUR)
Built-up roofing (BUR) is one of the oldest and most reliable commercial roofing systems. It consists of multiple layers of roofing felt, typically saturated with asphalt or coal tar pitch, laminated together. These layers are interspersed with layers of reinforcing fabrics, known as ply sheets. The top layer is usually surfaced with gravel, crushed rock, or a reflective coating to protect the underlying layers from UV radiation and weather damage.
BUR systems are known for their exceptional durability and resistance to water penetration. The multiple layers provide redundancy, ensuring that even if one layer is compromised, the others will continue to protect the building. BUR roofs are also relatively fire-resistant, making them a safe choice for many commercial applications.
However, BUR installation can be labor-intensive and require specialized equipment. The materials are heavy, and the process involves hot asphalt or coal tar pitch, which can pose safety hazards if not handled properly. Regular maintenance is also essential to prevent cracks and blisters, which can compromise the roof’s integrity.
Modified Bitumen Roofing
Modified bitumen roofing is a single-ply roofing system that is made from asphalt modified with polymers such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) or atactic polypropylene (APP). These polymers enhance the asphalt’s flexibility, elasticity, and resistance to temperature changes.
SBS-modified bitumen is typically applied using hot asphalt or cold-applied adhesives. APP-modified bitumen, on the other hand, is usually applied using a torch. Both types of modified bitumen offer excellent waterproofing properties and can be installed on low-slope or flat roofs.
Modified bitumen roofs are lighter than BUR roofs and generally easier to install. They also offer good resistance to punctures, tears, and UV degradation. However, they may not be as durable as BUR systems in extreme climates or under heavy foot traffic.
Asphalt Shingle Roofing
While often associated with residential buildings, asphalt shingles can also be used on commercial buildings, particularly those with steeper slopes. Commercial-grade asphalt shingles are typically thicker and more durable than residential shingles, offering better wind resistance and a longer lifespan.
Asphalt shingles are relatively inexpensive and easy to install, making them a popular choice for smaller commercial buildings or those with limited budgets. They are available in a wide range of colors and styles, allowing for aesthetic customization.
However, asphalt shingles are not as durable or long-lasting as BUR or modified bitumen roofing. They are also more susceptible to wind damage and may require more frequent repairs or replacements. Their use is typically limited to buildings with sloped roofs, as they are not suitable for flat or low-slope applications.
Advantages of Commercial Asphalt Roofing
Choosing asphalt roofing for your commercial building offers numerous advantages, making it a compelling option for many business owners.
Cost-Effectiveness
Asphalt roofing is generally more affordable than other commercial roofing systems, such as metal roofing or single-ply membranes. The lower material costs and relatively straightforward installation contribute to significant cost savings.
This cost-effectiveness makes asphalt roofing a viable option for businesses with budget constraints. It allows for high-quality roofing protection without breaking the bank.
Durability and Longevity
Commercial-grade asphalt roofing is designed to withstand the rigors of weather and environmental conditions. With proper installation and maintenance, asphalt roofs can last for 20-30 years or even longer.
The multiple layers of BUR and modified bitumen systems provide excellent protection against water penetration, UV radiation, and extreme temperatures. Asphalt shingles, while not as durable as these systems, still offer a respectable lifespan when properly maintained.
Ease of Installation
While BUR installation can be labor-intensive, other asphalt roofing systems, such as modified bitumen and asphalt shingles, are relatively easy to install. This translates to lower labor costs and faster project completion times.
Experienced roofing contractors are readily available to install asphalt roofing systems, ensuring a high-quality installation that meets industry standards.
Versatility
Asphalt roofing can be used on a variety of commercial buildings, from small retail stores to large industrial facilities. It is suitable for both flat and sloped roofs, offering flexibility in design and application.
The availability of different types of asphalt roofing allows business owners to choose the best option for their specific needs and building requirements.
Fire Resistance
Asphalt roofing materials are inherently fire-resistant, providing an added layer of protection for your building and its occupants. This can help reduce insurance premiums and minimize the risk of fire damage.
BUR systems, in particular, are known for their excellent fire resistance, making them a popular choice for buildings with high fire safety requirements.
Commercial Asphalt Roofing Installation
Proper installation is crucial for ensuring the long-term performance and durability of your commercial asphalt roof. Hiring a qualified and experienced roofing contractor is essential for a successful project.
Preparation
Before installation begins, the existing roof must be thoroughly inspected and prepared. This may involve removing old roofing materials, repairing damaged areas, and cleaning the roof surface. A smooth and clean surface is essential for proper adhesion and waterproofing.
The contractor will also need to ensure that the roof deck is structurally sound and capable of supporting the weight of the new roofing system. Any necessary repairs or reinforcements should be completed before installation commences.
Installation Process
The installation process will vary depending on the type of asphalt roofing being used. BUR installation involves applying multiple layers of hot asphalt or coal tar pitch, followed by reinforcing fabrics. Modified bitumen installation may involve hot-applied asphalt, cold-applied adhesives, or torch application.
Asphalt shingle installation involves overlapping the shingles and securing them with nails. Proper alignment and nailing are crucial for preventing wind damage and water leaks.
Regardless of the system, proper flashing around chimneys, vents, and other roof penetrations is essential to prevent water infiltration. The contractor should also ensure that the roof is properly sloped to allow for adequate drainage.
Safety Considerations
Roofing installation can be a dangerous job, involving working at heights and handling hazardous materials. It is essential to hire a contractor who prioritizes safety and follows all OSHA regulations.
Workers should wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as hard hats, safety glasses, and fall protection harnesses. The contractor should also implement safety procedures to prevent accidents and injuries.
Commercial Asphalt Roofing Maintenance
Regular maintenance is essential for extending the lifespan of your commercial asphalt roof and preventing costly repairs. A proactive maintenance program can help identify and address potential problems before they escalate.
Regular Inspections
Schedule regular roof inspections, at least twice a year, to check for signs of damage, such as cracks, blisters, punctures, or missing shingles. Inspections should be performed by a qualified roofing professional.
Pay particular attention to areas around chimneys, vents, and other roof penetrations, as these are often the most vulnerable to leaks.
Cleaning
Keep the roof clean and free of debris, such as leaves, branches, and dirt. This can help prevent water from pooling on the roof and causing damage. Use a broom or leaf blower to remove debris.
Avoid using harsh chemicals or pressure washers, as these can damage the roofing materials.
Repairs
Address any repairs promptly to prevent further damage. Small cracks or punctures can be patched with roofing sealant or flashing. Missing shingles should be replaced as soon as possible.
If you notice any signs of water leaks, such as water stains on the ceiling or walls, contact a roofing professional immediately to investigate and repair the problem.
Preventive Measures
Consider applying a reflective coating to the roof to reduce heat absorption and extend its lifespan. This can help lower energy costs and prevent premature aging of the roofing materials.
Trim any trees that are overhanging the roof to prevent branches from falling and causing damage. This will also help reduce the accumulation of leaves and debris.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Commercial Asphalt Roof
Selecting the right commercial asphalt roof for your building requires careful consideration of several factors. By evaluating these factors, you can ensure that you choose a roofing system that meets your specific needs and budget.
Building Size and Slope
The size and slope of your building’s roof will influence the type of asphalt roofing that is most suitable. BUR and modified bitumen are commonly used on flat or low-slope roofs, while asphalt shingles are typically used on steeper slopes.
Larger buildings may require more durable and long-lasting roofing systems, such as BUR, to minimize the risk of leaks and repairs.
Climate
The climate in your area will also play a role in determining the best type of asphalt roofing. In areas with extreme temperatures or heavy snowfall, it is important to choose a roofing system that is designed to withstand these conditions.
SBS-modified bitumen is known for its excellent flexibility and resistance to temperature changes, making it a good choice for cold climates. Reflective coatings can help reduce heat absorption in hot climates.
Budget
Your budget will be a significant factor in your roofing decision. Asphalt shingles are generally the most affordable option, while BUR is typically the most expensive. Modified bitumen offers a good balance of cost and performance.
Consider the long-term costs of roofing, including maintenance and replacement. A more expensive roofing system may ultimately be more cost-effective if it lasts longer and requires less maintenance.
Building Use
The use of your building will also influence your roofing choice. Buildings with high foot traffic or those that house sensitive equipment may require a more durable and resilient roofing system.
Fire resistance is an important consideration for buildings that store flammable materials or those with high fire safety requirements.
Aesthetics
The appearance of your roof can contribute to the overall aesthetic appeal of your building. Asphalt shingles are available in a wide range of colors and styles, allowing for customization.
Consider the architectural style of your building and choose a roofing system that complements its design.
Finding a Reputable Commercial Roofing Contractor
Choosing a reputable and experienced roofing contractor is crucial for a successful commercial asphalt roofing project. A qualified contractor will ensure that the roof is installed properly and meets industry standards.
Check Credentials
Verify that the contractor is licensed and insured. This will protect you from liability in case of accidents or property damage.
Ask for proof of insurance and check with your state’s licensing board to confirm the contractor’s credentials.
Review Experience
Choose a contractor with extensive experience in commercial asphalt roofing. Ask for references from previous clients and review their online reviews.
A contractor with a proven track record of successful projects is more likely to provide high-quality workmanship.
Obtain Multiple Bids
Get bids from multiple contractors to compare prices and services. Be sure to compare apples to apples and understand what is included in each bid.
Don’t automatically choose the lowest bid, as this may indicate subpar materials or workmanship.
Ask Questions
Ask the contractor questions about their installation process, materials, and warranty. A reputable contractor will be happy to answer your questions and address any concerns.
Make sure you understand the terms of the warranty and what is covered.
Check for Certifications
Some roofing manufacturers offer certifications to contractors who meet certain standards of quality and expertise. These certifications can be a good indicator of a contractor’s competence.
Ask the contractor if they are certified by any roofing manufacturers.
Cost Considerations for Commercial Asphalt Roofing
The cost of a commercial asphalt roof can vary depending on several factors, including the type of roofing system, the size of the roof, and the complexity of the installation. Understanding these cost factors can help you budget effectively for your roofing project.
Materials
The cost of roofing materials will be a significant portion of the overall project cost. Asphalt shingles are generally the least expensive, while BUR is the most expensive.
The quality of the materials will also affect the cost. Higher-quality materials will typically last longer and require less maintenance, but they will also be more expensive upfront.
Labor
Labor costs will vary depending on the contractor’s rates and the complexity of the installation. BUR installation is typically more labor-intensive than modified bitumen or asphalt shingle installation.
Obtain multiple bids from different contractors to compare labor costs.
Permits and Fees
You may need to obtain permits from your local government before installing a new roof. The cost of permits will vary depending on your location.
Factor in the cost of permits and fees when budgeting for your roofing project.
Removal of Existing Roof
If you are replacing an existing roof, you will need to factor in the cost of removing the old roofing materials. This can add to the overall project cost.
Ask the contractor if the cost of removing the old roof is included in their bid.
Additional Costs
There may be additional costs associated with your roofing project, such as repairs to the roof deck, flashing replacement, and disposal fees.
Be sure to discuss any potential additional costs with the contractor before starting the project.
Environmental Considerations for Commercial Asphalt Roofing
Asphalt roofing can have an environmental impact, but there are ways to mitigate these effects. Consider the environmental impact of your roofing choice and choose sustainable options when possible.
Recycling
Some asphalt roofing materials can be recycled. Check with your local recycling facilities to see if they accept asphalt shingles or other roofing materials.
Recycling asphalt roofing can help reduce waste and conserve resources.
Cool Roofing
Cool roofing materials reflect sunlight and reduce heat absorption, which can lower energy costs and reduce the urban heat island effect.
Consider using reflective coatings or cool asphalt shingles to reduce the environmental impact of your roof.
Sustainable Materials
Some roofing manufacturers offer asphalt roofing materials that are made from recycled content or sustainable materials.
Look for roofing products that are certified by organizations such as the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC).
Proper Disposal
Dispose of old roofing materials properly to prevent them from ending up in landfills. Work with a contractor who is committed to responsible waste management.
Consider donating usable roofing materials to local charities or organizations.
Conclusion: Making the Right Choice for Your Commercial Asphalt Roof
Choosing the right commercial asphalt roof is a significant investment for your business. By understanding the different types of roofing systems, their advantages, and the factors to consider, you can make an informed decision that meets your specific needs and budget.
Remember to hire a reputable and experienced roofing contractor to ensure a high-quality installation. With proper maintenance, your commercial asphalt roof will provide years of reliable protection for your building.